一种基于灰色粒子滤波算法的机动AUV航深内测方法

本文提出了一种将灰色预测和小波变换与标准粒子滤波相结合的灰色粒子滤波算法（GPF）,并将其应用于机动AUV的航深内测。GPF针对机动AUV航深内测过程中由于AUV运动状态未知和测量噪声不断变化而导致的滤波失效问题,在粒子采样过程中结合了标准采样和灰色预测采样,保证了采样得到充分多的有效粒子。在计算粒子权重时,利用小波变换跟踪测量噪声统计特性的变化,提高了各粒子似然概率计算和权重分配的正确性。最后以外测法测得的高精度的机动AUV航深作为真实航深,对该GPF算法进行了实验对比验证,并与EKF和MMPF算法的结果作对比,实验结果表明了本文方法的有效性和实用性。     

作战任务总量的迭代收敛性

为降低作战任务的复杂度,提高任务执行效率,研究了作战任务总量及其迭代收敛问题.首先,采用图形和设计结构矩阵,阐明反导作战子任务的复杂联系.再引入任务转移矩阵建立任务总量模型,总结迭代收敛条件.最后,综合考虑资源和时间约束,规划子任务优先级并优化作战资源配置.结合实例分析了任务总量迭代收敛规律的可行性和有效性,为反导作战任务规划提供了理论指导.     

Establishment,simulation and verification of firepower safety control model

On a narrow warship platform, the coordinated use of shipborne weapon systems may cause firepower conflicts, which seriously endangers the ship safety. Meanwhile, with directed-energy weapons mounted on ships, firepower conflicts between weapons become a “high probability event”. Aiming at the problem of firepower safety control, based on the research about the collision probability model of air crafts and space targets and according to the cone of fire model of conventional weapons and directed-energy weapons, this paper solved the firepower conflict probabilities between conventional weapons as well as between conventional weapons and directed-energy weapons respectively using the methods of probability theory, and established the firepower safety control model. Then the calculation of firepower conflict probability was carried out using the dimensionality reduction method based on the equivalent conversion of polar coordinates and the power series method based on Laplace transform. The simulation results revealed that the proposed model and calculation methods are effective and reliable, which can provide theoretical basis and technical support for resolution of firepower conflicts between weapons.     

美军现役装备改造后维修保障的做法和启示

现役装备改造是我军装备发展的重要途径.加强对现役装备改造后的维修保障问题研究,是解决目前我军装备改造后战斗力生成的迫切需要.通过深入研究了美军装备改造后维修保障基本做法,对我军当前存在的主要问题进行了探讨,并从中得出对我军加强装备改造后维修保障建设与发展的启示,为提高我军装备维修保障能力做了有益的探索.     

Solving generalized transportation problems via pure transportation problems

This paper investigates certain issues of coefficient sensitivity in generalized network problems when such problems have small gains or losses. In these instances, it might be computationally advantageous to temporarily ignore these gains or losses and solve the resultant “pure” network problem. Subsequently, the optimal solution to the pure problem could be used to derive the optimal solution to the original generalized network problem. In this paper we focus on generalized transportation problems and consider the following question: Given an optimal solution to the pure transportation problem, under what conditions will the optimal solution to the original generalized transportation problem have the same basic variables? We study special cases of the generalized transportation problem in terms of convexity with respect to a basis. For the special case when all gains or losses are identical, we show that convexity holds. We use this result to determine conditions on the magnitude of the gains or losses such that the optimal solutions to both the generalized transportation problem and the associated pure transportation problem have the same basic variables. For more general cases, we establish sufficient conditions for convexity and feasibility. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 666–685, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10034     

舰船舵减横摇广义预测约束控制

依据舵减摇状态空间模型,推导舵减横摇广义预测控制律,在舵角舵速约束的条件下,采用二次型规划计算控制量进行减横摇控制.对某一船舶在典型航行工况下进行了系统仿真,仿真结果表明,该方法不但可取得35%～45%的减摇效果,而且对横摇角速度与横摇角加速度也有40%左右的减小效果.     

面向信息化战争的广义兰切斯特作战模型

由于经典兰切斯特方程不能描述信息对于信息化战争的影响,因此在分析兰切斯特线性律和平方律的基础上,通过引入战场感知系数和信息优势系数,并利用信息优势系数对线性律和平方律中毁伤系数进行修正,提出了能够描述信息对战争影响的广义兰切斯特作战模型,仿真实验结果说明其能够有效地描述信息优势对于改变战争进程所发挥的重要作用。该模型为研究信息化战争的交战过程提供理论参考。     

希尔伯特-黄变换在脉冲涡流信号消噪与识别中的应用

针对传统方法无法有效识别不同尺寸细小裂纹所产生的脉冲涡流信号,提出一种基于希尔伯特-黄变换的脉冲涡流信号消噪与识别算法。对脉冲涡流信号进行集成经验模态分解并通过归一化自相关函数及其方差特性分选出含有噪声的本征模态函数;对含噪声的本征模态函数进行阈值消噪并与未做处理的本征模态函数重构成无噪声信号;对无噪声信号进行希尔伯特-黄变换并计算出希尔伯特边际谱;根据希尔伯特边际谱的差异识别出不同细小尺寸的表面与下表面裂纹。实验结果表明了所提方法的有效性,经过集成经验模态分解消噪,消除了噪声对脉冲涡流信号的干扰;而基于希尔伯特-黄变换的方法则能够有效识别出不同尺寸的裂纹。     

基于小波域隐Markov模型的SAR图像滤波方法

在小波域隐Markov模型(HMM)的基础上提出一种新的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的滤波方法。首先根据小波变换的内在特征,建立小波域的隐Markov树(HMT)模型,通过EM算法可以获得该HMT模型的参数估计。然后根据SAR图像的统计性质,将SAR图像的乘法斑点杂噪声在局部范围内近似为加性白高斯噪声,通过最小均方差(MMSE)估计可以获得信号的小波变换值。通过对真实SAR图像的应用,结果说明该方法可以在保存图像细节特征的情况下有效地抑制图像的噪声。     

泛探雷达长时间相参积累目标检测方法研究

泛探雷达利用同时多个接收波束覆盖整个观测空域,可利用长时间相参积累提高动目标检测性能,然而必须解决目标在长积累时间之内出现跨波束、跨距离单元和跨多普勒单元现象带来的积累增益下降问题。在跨波束影响可忽略前提下,研究了基于Keystone变换与Dechirping变换相结合的运动补偿方法,并在此基础上提出了基于Clean思想的多目标检测流程。通过对仿真数据与外场实测数据的处理与分析,验证了本文方法的有效性,可以用于泛探雷达的目标检测。